Primorsky Krai - a real mushroom Klondike. Starting in April, wherever you go - mushrooms are everywhere. They grow in all coastal forests, in parks, along roads - there are many of them, and among them there are many rare, unique species that are found only in Primorye.
Edible and conditionally edible mushrooms
Experts estimate that approximately 800 species of mushrooms grow in the Primorsky Territory, but only 300 of them can be used for food. There are mushrooms:
- Edible - they can even be eaten raw, they do not contain poisons. But the danger of poisoning is not excluded - the mushroom, like a sponge absorbs toxins from the environment. Therefore, the collection should be carried out only in ecologically clean areas, away from industrial areas.
- Conditionally edible. They can be eaten only after special processing.
In the Primorsky Territory, mushrooms grow not only in forests and outside the city. Residents of Vladivostok meet with mushrooms without going to nature - edible species grow in yards, parks, and playgrounds:
White mushroom
Description. Ceps are also called mushrooms, dibs, cows. It is a large and fleshy mushroom with a brownish hat. The hat reaches 10-20 cm in diameter. The leg is thickened from below, at its base - a pronounced mesh. The pulp of the hat and legs is white. The color of the pulp does not change after drying.
Varieties. In the Primorsky Territory, many varieties of boletus are also growing, among them:
- Oak. Velvety coffee hat 8-25 cm in diameter. The hat is convex, covered with cracks with age.
- Pine. 8-20 cm hat. Color - at first the hat is whitish, then brown-red.
- Pink boletus. This mushroom hat pink color reaches 16 cm in diameter. The flesh is pale yellow, turning blue. The tubular body is bright yellow.
White mushroom oak
Boletus edulis pine
Pink boletus
Where and when does it grow? Mushrooms grow in the south of Primorye. A lot of porcini mushrooms in the Yakovlevsky district. The peak of fruiting is the end of summer. He likes to grow in oak trees and birch forests, does not disdain shrubs.
Doubles. The appearance of the boletus is recognizable from afar. There are few mushrooms like him in the forest. Boron mushrooms remotely resemble the bile and satanic mushroom, but only an inexperienced mushroom picker can confuse them with the “king of mushrooms”.
Boletus
Description. Red-headed - the second name of the boletus. The most famous boletus is red. He has a brick-red hat with a diameter of 5-30 cm. First, in the form of a hemisphere, then - pillow-shaped. Strong cylindrical legs up to 20 cm high are covered with scales. On the cut, the flesh darkens.
Varieties. In Primorsky Krai you can find edible boletus:
- Oak. Hat 5-15 cm, brick red or brownish, velvety. The peel noticeably extends beyond the edges of the cap.
- Yellow-brown. The color of the hat is yellowish gray, red. At the break, the flesh becomes lilac then blue-black.
- Pine. Dark raspberry hat 8-15 cm in diameter.
Oak boletus
Yellow boletus
Boletus pine
Where and when does it grow? It grows more often in aspen. Loves moist soils. Fruits in June to frost. In Primorye, aspen trees are rarely found in forests, but in the aspen forests of the continental part he is a frequent guest.
Doubles. False boletus is known as bitter mustard - a mushroom with a bitter taste. The mustard is easily recognized by the pinkish flesh.
Boletus is a useful product, they absorb heavy metals and radionuclides that enter our body with products and from the atmosphere.
Boletus
Description. The cap boletus has a small pillow-shaped dark brown hat 4-12 cm in diameter, maximum 18 cm. A long, sturdy leg. The shape of the legs is cylindrical, height - 6-10 cm.
Varieties. You can find in the coastal forests such varieties of fish bream (the second name of the boletus):
- Ordinary. Brown hat 4-12 cm in diameter. White flesh, stalk 6–9 cm, thickened at the base. Grows throughout the Far East, sometimes extremely abundant.
- Turning pink. Walnut-brown hat 5-10 cm. The flesh of the cap and legs on the cut turns pink.
- White. The hat is white, only 2-4 cm in diameter. The leg is white, 9-12 cm high, greenish below.
- Black brown. It looks like a boletus, but the leg is darker. Hat 5-16 cm in diameter, first pinkish brown. Then dark brown.
Common boletus
Pink birch
White birch
Brown-brown trimmer
Where and when does it grow? It grows more often under birch trees; it is also found in coniferous forests. Behind birch bark are advised to go to Putyatin Island in Peter the Great Bay. They grow from summer to October. Prefer rainy weather.
Doubles. False boletus or bile fungus. Usually an inedible counterpart is recognized by its bitter taste.
Ryadovki
Description. Even in the more scarce mushroom regions, rowans are not in demand, to say nothing of the coastal forests, rich in any mushroom “living creatures”. Rows are numerous and diverse, grow in groups - in rows, for which they received the name. They are edible, inedible, poisonous. These are small agaric mushrooms, a bit like russula, tasty and fragrant.
Varieties. In Primorye, more common than others rowing:
- Gray. Universal mushroom - you can salt, fry, freeze, pickle, eat raw. Very tasty, despite the 4th category of edibility. Hat color from light to dark gray. In the center is a tubercle. Diameter - 4-12 cm. Leg is cylindrical, white-yellow, up to 10-12 cm high.
- Pink (violet). A large fleshy hat of pink-brown color - 4-15 cm in diameter. The form - from the pillow - at first, to open. The edges are uneven, cracked. The legs are massive up to 12 cm in height. The flesh turns pink. They grow in Primorye mainly in deciduous and mixed forests. Gathering - September-October.
- Fused. Hat 3-6 cm. Initially convex, then slightly depressed, with wavy edges. Color - white, pale brown. Leg - up to 8 cm, thin, hollow. This rowing smells nice.
The rowing is gray
Pink row
Ryadovka fused
Ridovacs are not in demand due to the similarity with inedible and poisonous species - their fragile bodies with lamellar hats of a dull color do not cause appetite or confidence in mushroom pickers. In addition, they must be boiled before eating.
Where and when does it grow? Prefer deciduous forests, especially oak. Also grow in coniferous forests. The fruiting time depends on the climatic conditions of the area. Typically, row fruit trees bear fruit in the autumn months - at the end of the mushroom season. The gray row grows in the temperate latitudes of the region in September - October. It grows in pine forests and mixed forests. Pink tadpoles are more common in deciduous and mixed forests. Gathering - September-October. Fused - in moist deciduous forests.
Doubles. It can be confused with poisonous ranks - sulfur yellow, white, brown, leopard.
Raincoat
Description. Spherical mushroom body. The leg and the hat are one. The size depends on the type of raincoat. The pulp is usually white. At a young age, the mushroom is very tasty. The skin is fragile, separated from the pulp. As it grows, the flesh dries - when pressed, spores pour out from the fungus.
Varieties. In the Primorsky Territory raincoats grow:
- Prickly. Mushroom body 3-6 cm. Color - brownish-gray. Thick pseudopod. On the body - spikes and warts. The pulp is initially white, then yellow and brown.
- Pear-shaped. Fruit body in the shape of a pear. In height - up to 4.5 cm, across - up to 3.5 cm.
Prickly raincoat
Pear-shaped raincoat
The raincoat has a poisonous analogue - the raincoat
Where and when does it grow? In Primorye, raincoats grow everywhere, in all parts of the region. Pear-shaped prefers to grow on trunks and stumps - in forests of any type. Prickly is found outside forests.
Doubles. Raincoats have a poisonous analogue - a raincoat. It is easy to distinguish by dark purple pulp. Young white fly agarics are also similar to raincoats, they are distinguished by cut - fly agarics have plates and a separate leg.
Russula
Description. Russulae the most numerous edible mushrooms - they say that they account for 45% of the total mushroom mass. They differ from each other in color of hats and in taste. Among them are edible units, and most are bitter in taste. Inedible russula hats of red shades. This is an agaric with a white leg. In height and in diameter russula reaches 10 cm.
Varieties. In Primorye, where there is an abundance of mushrooms, russulas are also bypassed, like rowing plants somewhere near Ryazan or Yaroslavl. Among the common types of such russula:
- Blue yellow. A pickling mushroom with a hat indented in the middle of 8-15 cm. The color is lilac at the edges, in the center is pale ocher. Frequent white plates. Leg 5-12 m high, loose. It tastes fresh. It grows from June to September. He loves oak forests and birch forests.
- Browning herring. Dark and pink-purple. Grows in mixed forests until the fall.
- Like. The hat is bright purple. It happens that there are cream spots on the hat. Excellent mushroom for salting.
- Greenish. The meaty hat is pale green. Almost spherical in shape. Prefers pine forests, oak and mixed forests.
- Green Hat greenish shades with ribbed stripes. It grows in August-September.
- Yellow. A yellowish hat with a smooth edge, 6-8 cm in diameter. The white flesh on the cut turns gray. It grows in August. More often under birch trees.
Russula blue-yellow
Russula browning
Russula husky
Russula is greenish
Russula green
Yellow russula
And this is far from all types of russula growing in a land favorable for mushrooms; russula - golden, olive and many others also grow here.
Where and when does it grow? Russula or bruises grow in all forests of the Primorsky Territory. This unpretentious mushroom grows in coniferous and deciduous forests, preferring pine, spruce, oak and alder. It grows depending on the climate - from July to October.
Doubles. Can be confused with grebes - if the color of the hat is like theirs. Toadstool can be distinguished by the "skirt" and ovoid thickening at the bottom of a thin leg. Among the inedible russules are varieties with bright hats, red, and purple.
Wake
Description. Mushroom for classic salting. Strong and squat, with a pink hat. Along its edge is a “fringe”, on a pink surface there are concentric zones. The hat is pressed in the middle. Cream-colored plates. Milky juice acts on a break. The diameter of the hat is 6-12 cm, the height of the legs is 5-7 cm. The leg is pinkish, hollow. It tastes spicy.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in birch forests, spruce forests and cedar-deciduous forests. The fruiting time is August-September. Thrills grow throughout Primorye, you can search them in the forests, on the islands.
Doubles. There are no poisonous doubles. There is no one to confuse the pink and fluffy throat with, except perhaps with some of the Milkies that are bitter, but not poisonous.
Georgiev mushroom
Description. It is also called the May mushroom, kalotsibe or May row. The height of the legs is 4-8 cm. Its thickness is no more than 1 cm. The color of the hat is brownish-gray, dark brown stripes along it. The diameter of the hat is 3-7 cm. The pulp is white and dense, it smells of flour. Gourmet Mushroom.
Where and when does it grow? In Primorye, May mushroom grows mainly under the elm. Most of it is in the south of Primorsky Krai. Harvest - the end of spring-beginning of summer. Appearing in May, it disappears before the summer.
Doubles. May mushroom has no doubles.
Gladysh
Description. Hat 7-13 cm. Mucous, initially convex, then flat with curved edges. The color is lilac gray with concentric rings. Fading, it becomes pale ocher. At the break - white milky juice, drying, it turns gray-green. Leg mucous, swollen, 4-10 cm in height. Pungent taste. Use for salting.
Where and when does it grow? Fruiting - September. It is found in spruce and fir-fir forests of the entire Primorsky Territory.
Doubles. Smoothie has no doubles.
Mushroom noodles
Description. Mushroom noodles or comb blackberries. Unusual mushroom, consisting of fleshy and layered fruit bodies of a white-cream color. Growing "noodles" - fruiting bodies, tiers. The upper part is felt, and the lower ones are hanging spikes. The shape of the fruiting body is hemispherical. Height - 15 cm, in diameter - 15-20 cm. Also, the mushroom can take the form - fan-shaped, round, incorrectly curved. It tastes like seafood.
Mushroom noodles are listed in the Red Book. The mushroom is very expensive in the market. Today it is cultivated in Russia, China and France, but artificially grown specimens are inferior to wild counterparts both in taste and usefulness.
Where and when does it grow? The rarest mushroom saprotroph in nature. It grows on trunks. He chooses hardwood - oak, birch, beech. It grows on living and dead plants. He loves moisture and heat, and therefore grows in Primorye. In the European part of the Russian Federation is practically not found. It grows in the Caucasus and the Crimea.
Doubles. There is no one to confuse this unique mushroom in the forest with.
The video shows a rare mushroom - mushroom noodles. To see him live, you have to go to Primorsky Krai:
Ginger
Description. A conspicuous fungus with orange hats and dark circles. The fruit body is squat, strong, the edges of the hat are first bent, then straightened. The diameter of the hat is 3-12 cm. When cut, it releases milky juice.
Varieties. In the forests of the Primorsky Territory, in addition to the present saffron, you can find the saffron saffron In Russia, it grows only in Primorye. Flat hat 6-8 cm. In the center - pressed, the edges are tucked. Funnel shape. Pinkish, less often - orange or red. Brittle leg up to 7 cm in height.
Where and when does it grow? Fruits in large quantities in August-September. It grows well in pine and spruce forests. Ginger can be found in any part of Primorye, you can search for them in one of the most mushroom places - on the island of Putyatin, in the Tavrichanka region and near the village of Blagodatny Khorolsky district.
Doubles. Redheads are vaguely like a throat and various milkmen. But only saffron mushrooms are so tasty and fragrant, do not require long soaking. Ginger - the fastest mushroom in pickling.
Dummies
Description. Bell-shaped hat, covered with large scales. Thin and fragile pulp. Mushroom pickers are not interested in him, many consider it poisonous.
Where and when does it grow? It is characterized by rapid growth. A dipper can grow in a few hours. Grows anywhere - in forests, plantings, parks, landfills, but prefers manicured soils. The fruiting period is May-October.
In Russia, dung bees ranked as "filthy" mushrooms. They did not eat - the benefit of mushrooms in Russia was enough, only the healers made them drugs from drunkenness. But in Europe, dung beetles are respected - here they are considered delicious mushrooms.
Doubles. There are no poisonous doubles, but there are many inedible fellow dung beetles - hairy-footed, snow-white, domestic, woodpecker and others.
Gruzdy
Description. A real breast is also called raw, wet. Indented hats of cream-white color in diameter - 10-20 cm. The pulp is dense, fleshy. The leg is dense, whitish, 3-5 cm in height. Gruzdi are masters of disguise; they are difficult to find under foliage and needles.
Varieties. Among the edible mushrooms of Primorye:
- Fir. Thick yellow flesh. Hat up to 15 cm in diameter. Felt-fringed hem. The color of the hat is cream, with ocher concentric zones.
- Lilac. The funnel-shaped hat is yellow. Covered with scales. White flesh. Milky juice, flowing out, becomes purple.
Fir breast
Lilac Lilac
Where and when does it grow? It grows in birch forests, coniferous and mixed forests. Mushroom pickers say there are a lot of mushrooms near Oleniy village. Harvest continues from summer to late autumn.
Doubles. It happens that they are confused with conditionally edible varieties - with pepper, camphor, felt and golden yellow.
Butterflies
Description. The present butterdish is also known under the names late, yellow, autumn. He has a sticky chocolate brown hat with a conical shape. The diameter of the hat is 3-10 cm, the height of the legs is up to 2.5 cm. The color of the legs is lemon yellow. Very tasty and fast-cooking mushroom.
Varieties. Primorsky Krai is rich in butter, except for the butterdish of the present, here you can find the greasers:
- Siberian. Not the tastiest of butter. Hat mucous, olive yellow. 4-10 cm in diameter. The legs are curved, warty.
- Cedar crying. Very tasty representative. 10-12 cm - the diameter of the cap. Its color is ocher, the flesh is also ocher in color. The leg is yellow, warty, 6-8 cm in height.
Siberian butterdish
Cedar oil can
Where and when does it grow? The collection begins in June and lasts until the end of September. He loves pine trees, found in deciduous forests.
Doubles. It happens that they confuse it with mosses - they also have bright yellow legs and a tubular layer. But this is not a dangerous mistake, since the moss flys are edible.
Chanterelles
Description. The real chanterelle (ordinary) has a single mushroom body - the hat and leg represent one whole. Color is bright yellow. The diameter of the hat is 5-12 cm. Chanterelles are appreciated for their taste.
Varieties.In Primorye, in addition to the real chanterelle, several more varieties of this fungus grow:
- The hunchbacked fox. A small hat is 2-5 cm in diameter. While the mushroom is young, the hat has a T-shape; with age it becomes funnel-shaped. In the center is a sharp tubercle, the edges are wavy. The color of the hat is grayish-gray. The gray flesh blushes at the break.
- Yellowing fox. Hat size is 2-5 cm in diameter. The form is a deep funnel, the edge is wrapped, carved. Color - tan.
- Fox mottled. The fruit body reaches 15-20 cm in height. Appears in the form of an uneven pink stick. A funnel-shaped mushroom grows from it. His hat is 5-12 cm in diameter. Color - buffy orange. There are brown-red spots on the hat.
The hunchbacked fox
Yellowing fox
Fox motley
Where and when does it grow? Fruiting - all summer until October. The peak of the collection is August-September. Prefers moist places. Grows in large groups. Mushroom pickers advise looking for chanterelles in the spruce and pine forests of the southern part of Primorye.
Chanterelles have a wonderful feature - they are resistant to worminess.
Doubles. False chanterelle is an inedible mushroom bright yellow bright yellow. You can distinguish by color and poor taste.
Mushrooms
Description. A real or autumn honey agaric has a small hat - 3-6 cm. Legs are thin, 7-10 cm high. Dark scales are in the lower part of the leg. There is a "skirt". Young mushrooms have a tubercle on the hat. Hat color - wood shades, pale brown.
Varieties. In Primorye, you can find, along with autumn, spring honey agaric. He has a hemispherical hat of an ocher hue; with age, the hat opens.
Where and when does it grow? Honey mushrooms grow in all the forests of Primorye. Behind them it is not necessary to go somewhere far - they are in the vicinity of Vladivostok. They go to Varyag, Sedanka, and Sadgorod for honey mushrooms; they are in the forests on Chamor, on the islands. Honey mushrooms grow mainly on deciduous trees, on rotten and damaged trunks. Autumn honey mushrooms bear fruit in September and October, and spring mushrooms bear fruit from July to September.
Doubles. It can be confused with a sulfur-yellow poisonous mushroom and a false open-air mushroom, which can be distinguished by the absence of scales and a too bright color. Inedible species can be recognized by the nasty smell of spoiled sour cabbage.
Morels
Description. Morel present - spring mushroom, not subject to harvest. Not in demand even in less mushroom than Primorye places. The mesh hat is 3-6 cm high, empty inside. In width - 2-4 cm. Color - pale brown. The height of a white cylindrical leg is 2-5 cm. Gourmets love morels for their rich mushroom taste and aroma. Morel has practically no pulp - it is a brittle, hollow and cartilaginous mushroom.
Varieties. In Primorye, in addition to real morel, there are varieties:
- Conical. It features an elongated-conical shape of the cap. Hat height - 3-6 cm. Color - brown-gray.
- Curly. Hat diameter - 2-3 cm. Color - yellowish-cream. Leg ribbed, thickened below.
Morel conical
Morel curly
Where and when does it grow? It grows in May and early June. May even appear in April. Prefers coniferous-deciduous forests and oak trees.
Doubles. False morels are easily distinguished by an unpleasant odor. They smell like rotten meat. His hat is mucous, in the shape of a bell. Its height is 5 cm. The color is dark olive. Morels are often confused with lines. How do they differ - read here.
Flywheel
Description. Flywheels are often confused with oils - due to the legs and the tubular layer of yellow. They have bulging hats of brownish hues. Hats are velvety to the touch, in wet weather - sticky. The legs are smooth or slightly wrinkled, their length depends on the place of growth.
Varieties. In Primorye, mossy grows:
- Larch. Hat 8-16 cm in diameter. The color is ocher-brown, the edges of the cap are bent. The white flesh does not turn blue. It grows in larch forests and mixed forests. In the Far East - the object of mushroom harvesting. Fruiting - August-September.
- Green. Very similar to a butterdish. Hat - chocolate color. The diameter of the hat is 3-12 cm. It grows in oak trees, mixed and coniferous forests in autumn.
- Motley. Also similar to a nipple. The diameter of the hat is 4-8 cm. It is first grayish-pink, then brown. Grows in coniferous-deciduous forests. Fruits in August.
Flywheel larch
Green flywheel
Flywheel motley
Where and when does it grow? Mushrooms grow in the same place as butterfish - on sandy soils. Found in wetlands. Mostly found in southern Primorye. The moss flyer got its name for its tendency to grow in moss. The fungus has a wide range of growth - it grows in temperate latitudes, in the tundra, in the alpine zone.
Doubles. There are no toxic analogues. False moss mushrooms are conditionally edible mushrooms. These are chestnut, parasitic and pepper mosses. You can also be confused with panther fly agaric.
Umbrellas
Description. Unpresentable, but very tasty mushroom from the family of champignons. He has a dome-shaped hat and a thin leg. Plate mushroom, the color of the hat depends on the variety - there are umbrellas with white and brown hats. A common feature is the presence of scales on the hats.
Varieties. There are a lot of umbrellas in any forests, in Primorye you can find:
- Blushing. He has a hat 5-10 cm in diameter. The form is ovoid, bell-shaped. Color - grayish-brown. On the hat are large flakes. A thin leg reaches 25 cm in height; when it is touched, it turns red.
- Motley. The hat in flaky scales reaches 40 cm in diameter. In the middle of the cap is a tubercle.
- Maiden. A thick-fleshy hat of pale brown color - 8-12 cm in diameter. At first it is spherical, then prostrate. Thin velvety edge.
Mushroom umbrella blushing
Mushroom variegated umbrella
Mushroom umbrella girl
Where and when does it grow? Fruiting from June to October. It grows in forests, plantings, pastures, meadows. Mushroom pickers are usually not interested, although they have a pleasant taste.
Doubles. This agaric can be confused with poisonous chlorophyllum - dark brown or lead slag. Also, the umbrella looks like a smelly fly agaric.
Valui
Description. Valuya has a strong plate hat. At first it is spherical, then it opens, but the edges are bent inward. Diameter - 5-14 cm. Light brown color. The leg is hollow, white, 5-15 cm in height. The hat is covered with mucus in wet weather.
Where and when does it grow? Fruits from the beginning of summer to October. Likes to grow in birch trees, under pines and oaks. Valui are bitter, so they are soaked or boiled before use.
Valui or bull-calves belong to the 4th food category, and the mushroom itself is considered conditionally edible. In fact, it is a delicious mushroom - you just need to cook it correctly. Salty and pickled values - a delicious snack.
Doubles. Are absent. There is a false valui, which is called a “horseradish mushroom” for its characteristic smell.
Boletinus
Description. Boletinus is a genus of mushrooms from the oily family. They have dry velvety hats. Often the surface is pubescent or fibrous-scaly, cracking. The hollow leg has a velvety-scaly surface. A tubular layer of radially arranged tubes, sometimes passing into plates. A characteristic difference is the membranous cover, which remains on the hat or leg in the form of a ring.
Varieties. Types of boletinuses growing in coastal forests:
- Prominent. Looks like a fly agaric, but without records. Hat 7-12 cm, mucous, brick red. Edible, but not very tasty.
- Asiatic. This unusual mushroom grows in southern Primorye. Hat - 4-10 cm, purple, felt-scaly. Yellow flesh. Average taste.
- Centipede. The hat is yellow 5-9 cm in diameter. It grows in larch and mixed forests. Low value mushroom.
Prominent boletinus
Boletinus asiaticus
Boletinus centipede
Where and when does it grow? Prominent fleetinuses grow in moist forests, in wetlands. Asian grows in larch forests. Fruiting - August-September.
Doubles. No poisonous doubles.
Belianka
Description. The whitewash is taken only for salting. It has a sharp taste. The second name is the white wave. Hat 4-7 cm in diameter. Shaggy edges are wrapped inwards. The middle is depressed, the color of the hat in the center is salmon-ocher. The color of the plates is salmon cream. White milky juice. Short leg - up to 2 cm.
Where and when does it grow? It prefers to grow under young birches; it also grows in deciduous forests and shrubs. The fruiting period is August-September.
Doubles. Inedible and poisonous counterparts in the whitewash.
Golden scale
Description. The mushroom, similar to a honey agaric, belongs to the genus Scale. Wide-brimmed hat. As it grows, it becomes flat round. In diameter - 5-18 cm. Color - rusty yellow and dirty golden. On the surface of the cap are flaky flakes. The plates adhered to the peduncle are at first light, ripening, becoming brown. The flesh is whitish yellow. Leg - up to 10 cm in height.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in large colonies on the trunks of deciduous trees, and can also grow near trees. Fruits in the Primorsky Territory earlier than in other regions of Russia - from May to September.
The hats of golden flakes are covered with mucus, which is very useful for the human body - it restores the energy balance, improves immunity, helps with intellectual exhaustion.
Doubles. Toxic doubles, as well as similar species, have no scales.
Oyster mushrooms
Description. Oyster mushroom is the most common variety. It is also called oyster. Asymmetric, fan-shaped hat reaches 3-25 cm in diameter. It is painted in grayish shades. The leg is firm, 3-12 cm long. Only hats are used for food.
Varieties. In Primorye, in addition to oyster oyster mushrooms, you can also find pulmonary oyster mushroom. She has a light hat, whitish-gray. It turns yellow as it grows. Fan-shaped, 4-8 cm in diameter. The flesh is grayish-white. Pleasant, subtle smell. The plates are thick and rare, white.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in any forests, plantings, parks. It grows on stumps, old trees, and can grow on living ones. It is especially common on willow, poplar, nut, aspen. Fruits in April to November.
Doubles. There are no poisonous analogues, but there are inedible mushrooms that look like oyster mushrooms - this is orange oyster mushroom and wolf oyster.
Pipers
Description. Tinder fungi are parasites that feed on the sap of trees, living or dead. Among them there are few edible species, and most of them grow in the forests of Primorye. The hats of all tinder-lifters are outstretched. There are mushrooms with legs and without them.
Varieties. In Primorye, several edible polypore grows:
- Scaly. Hats in diameter reach 5-30 cm. Thickness is 0.5-6 cm. At first it is round, it becomes kidney-shaped as it grows. Hat is buffy or creamy, covered with brownish scales.
- Sulfur yellow. The mushroom body is loose, with a diameter of 10-40 cm. The thickness of the hat is up to 6 cm. The fruit body of sulfur-yellow color is semicircular or shapeless.
- Liver fungus. Fruit body 10-30 cm in diameter, thickness - up to 6 cm. Fleshy and dense mushroom, sedentary with a short leg. The shape, structure and coloring are reminiscent of a bull tongue.
Mushroom tinder fungus scaly
Tinder fungus sulfur yellow
Mushroom tinder fungus
Where and when does it grow? Edible tinder fruit all summer. Growth begins in May and lasts until September. They grow on tree trunks, less often on soil. Meet everywhere. For many tinder growers, the growth of the mushroom body does not stop with the onset of cold weather - they grow all year round.
Doubles. It is difficult to confuse them with inedible tinder fungi because of the hard flesh and bitter taste, and tinder fungus has no analogues.
Duboviki
Description. An ordinary oak tree has a large hat - 5-20 cm in diameter. At first hemispherical, as it grows, it opens, becomes pillow-shaped. The hat is velvety to the touch, the color is tan, gray-brown and other shades. The pulp is yellow, turning blue on a break. The foot of an ordinary oak tree is 5-17 cm tall, usually reddish.
Duboviki are not used by traditional medicine, but scientists use these mushrooms to obtain an antibiotic - boletol.
Varieties. In the Primorsky Territory, Kele oak tree is also found. His hat has a uniform convex shape. Its dimensions are 5-15 cm in diameter. Color - brown or tan. Velvet hat with high humidity is covered with mucus. Leg yellowish, scaly.
Where and when does it grow? Duboviks prefer deciduous forests; they usually grow under oaks, beeches, and hornbeams. The fruiting period is May-October.
Doubles. Duboviks look like a satanic mushroom, which is easy to recognize by the leg, painted in a reddish color.
Royal mushroom
Description. It is also called Amanita Caesar or Caesarean mushroom. A hemispherical orange or red hat reaches 10-18 cm in diameter. With age, the hat becomes convex or flat. The pulp of the hat is fleshy, light yellow. There is no special aroma and mushroom taste. Yellow-orange leg 8-10 cm high. On the leg there is a tuberoid thickening. Old mushrooms emit an unpleasant odor of hydrogen sulfide.
Where and when does it grow? It grows abundantly throughout the Primorsky Territory, but mushroom pickers do not risk collecting it - it too looks like young fly agaric. Fruiting - June-mid-October. It grows in copses, in the border strips between meadows and deciduous forests. Often grows under oaks and chestnuts, less often - under birches, in hazels and conifers.
Doubles. Often confused with red amanita, but caesarean mushroom does not have white growths on the hat.
Mushroom places of Primorsky Krai
In order for the mushroom trip to succeed, you need to know the mushroom places - in which area specific species of mushrooms are found. Experienced mushroom pickers have figured out where to go for mushrooms:
- Yakovlevsky District - Unanimously considered one of the most productive for mushrooms.
- Khorolsky district. Near the village of Blagodatnoe, as well as the Tavrichanka district.
- Putyatin Island, that in the bay of Peter the Great.
You can successfully “hunt” in any forests, on islands. For edible mushrooms, you can send to Varyag, Shamor, to Sputnik, Ocean, to Sadgorod, Sedanka, Patroclus, to the area of the Botanical Garden.
Do not look for mushrooms in a swampy area hidden from the sun. You also do not need to rely on brightly lit glades - mushrooms do not like the excess of ultraviolet radiation.
In Primorye, rare mushrooms must be sought under certain trees - they are especially common under oak, alder, elm, and fir.
Mushroom season in Primorsky Krai
Primorye is a large territory, characterized by natural and climatic conditions, therefore, in different parts of the region the mushroom season takes place in different ways:
- Mushroom picking in Primorye can be done for at least 6 months.
- In the southern part of the region, the harvest season lasts 8 months. Here the mushroom season begins at the end of April - early spring morels and lines appear first. Here, in the south of the region, there are the most edible species and the most rare mushrooms. The season of "silent hunting" in November is coming to an end. Peak harvest occurs in August-September.
- In the northern part of Primorye, the mushroom season is compressed to two months. Here the last mushrooms are harvested in August.
- In the mountains - in the upper forest zone, mushrooms depart faster than below.
In the southern part of Primorye most mushrooms are found in oak trees, birch forests and cedar forests growing on the southern slopes. In the north - in deciduous forests and birch forests, in the west there are many mushrooms in pine trees.
The number of mushrooms and the time of their appearance depends on weather conditions. The conditions for the largest crops are created in the years when drought occurs at the beginning of the growing season. When it finally rains in August-September, mushrooms grow especially wildly.
Poisonous and non-edible mushrooms
In what forest do not enter, there are always plenty of inedible mushrooms. Firstly, mushroom pickers do not need them, unless some medicine man will pick up fly agarics for tinctures. Secondly, there are more inedible and poisonous species in nature than edible ones. In order not to collect poisonous mushrooms during the “silent hunt”, carefully study their external signs.
Death cap
Description. Plate hat yellowish-green or olive-gray. Diameter 5-10 cm. It is one-color or brownish in the center. Convex at the beginning, with age becomes prostrate. The leg is thin, reaches a height of 6-10 cm, the thickness is up to 1 cm. On the leg is a ring, above which the leg is white. At the bottom of the legs are dirty, zigzag stripes. At the bottom of the leg is an ovoid thickening. The pulp is white. It smells good mushrooms.
Where and when does it grow? It prefers oak trees, beech and hornbeam groves, and also grows in mixed forests. Selects soil rich in humus.
Who can be confused with? The most poisonous mushroom. If you eat at least a bite, then the probability of death is 90%. To identify a toadstool, you need to know its external signs:
- in the lower part of the leg - thickening;
- there is a film ring on the top of the leg;
- white plates - on them grebe can be distinguished from champignons, in which the plates should be pink or brown;
- unlike russula, the toadstool on the leg has a moire pattern.
Amanita muscaria
Description. A hat with a diameter of 8-12 cm is painted in bright orange or red. On top - white warty growths. The cream-colored leg reaches 12-15 cm in height. A young fly agaric, “hatching” from a film coverlet, tears it - part of the film remains on the hat, part - on the leg. With age, the color becomes brighter.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in birch forests, in mixed and coniferous forests. Fruiting begins in July.
Who can be confused with? You cannot confuse the red fly agaric with anyone, except at a young age - until the color is bright, with any of the lamellar mushrooms. Many mushrooms, inexperienced mushroom pickers, taking for fly agaric, do not put in a basket, for example - Caesarean mushroom.
Beautiful-legged flight
Description. He is also called the beautiful boletus or the inedible boletus. The hat is light brown in color, it is olive-brown or gray-brown. Often it is wrinkled, and in young specimens it is fibrous. At first, the hat is semicircular, then convex, with a wavy edge. The diameter of the hat is 4-15 cm. The tubular layer is lemon yellow, and blue at the cut. The leg is barrel-shaped, later cylindrical. The leg is yellow above, and carmine-red below.
Where and when does it grow? It grows from July to October. Grows in coniferous forests, in the mountains. More often in spruce forests, less often in deciduous forests.
Who can be confused with? It has a bitter taste. There is no specific odor. Looks like an ordinary oak tree. You can distinguish by the color of the tubular part and the taste of the pulp. It is also similar to the satanic mushroom, but the mushroom itself is poisonous.
Lady with a coverlet
Description. The young body is tuberous, in a two-layer shell. The outer shell is membranous, under it is a gelatinous body. Breaking through the shell, a leg grows, above - something sticky, like a hat. The color of the hat tip is olive. The leg is hollow. From under the hat comes down a mesh "bedspread". The fungus gives off the smell of carrion, attracting flies - they are needed to spread spores.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in deciduous and mixed forests. Growth time - summer and autumn.
Who can be confused with? There is nothing similar among edible mushrooms. The main thing to know - a mushroom with a "veil" - is poisonous. It is said that in China this mushroom is grown as a vegetable.
Coral mushroom
Description. Coral mushroom or hornet stupid in appearance - spilled coral. This unusual mushroom has a branched fruit body, 10-15 cm high, 10-13 cm wide. The color is brownish-cream or ocher-brownish. Branches densely located, with blunt ends. Short thick leg. White flesh with a bitter taste that does not disappear with any processing. It looks like corals, hence the name.
Where and when does it grow? It grows more often in oak forests, less often in mixed forests. The growth period is August-September. In Primorye, in addition to the dumb cattle, several more species of coral fungus grow:
- Horned spruce. In height, the body of the fungus reaches 2-6 cm. Yellow-brown in color. There is a short leg - up to 2.5 cm. The yellow and pale pulp has a bitter taste. It grows in August-September in coniferous and mixed forests.
- Beautiful horned. In height - 8-15 cm. A buffy-pink branched body. Thick leg, whitish at the base. The bitter white flesh.
Who can be confused with? These inedible mushrooms are easy to recognize - they do not have edible doubles. You can’t eat them because of the indestructible bitter taste.
Red hair
Description. Reddish cinnabar-red is an inedible mushroom from the family of Pseudo-raincoat. Recognizable by a bright red color. Young mushrooms are covered with gelatinous substance. It grows in North America, in Russia - only in the south of Primorsky Krai. The diameter of the rounded body is 1-2 cm. The early stages of development pass underground. Leg up to 4 cm long, porous, in a gelatinous membrane.
Krasnoustka is the rarest mushroom listed in the Red Book of Primorsky Krai in 2001.
Where and when does it grow? A very rare mushroom, found in southern Primorye, in oak trees.
Who can be confused with? There is no similarity with other mushrooms.
Boletus purple
Description. The purple boletus has a velvety hat about 11 cm in diameter. The color of the hat is pinkish, purple. In shape - pillow-shaped. The leg is also colored in purple, and the upper part is buffy. At the bottom of the legs is a net. The tubular layer is lemon yellow. The leg reaches 7 cm in length. At the bottom is a club-shaped thickening. The flesh is lemon yellow, blackens when damaged.
Where and when does it grow? It is found in any forests of Primorye - in coniferous and deciduous. Prefers hilly and mountainous areas. Fruiting - June-September.
Who can be confused with? There is a chance to confuse with edible oaks. Also similar to the satanic mushroom and other paints with similar coloration.
Oil can
Description. It is often called a pepper mushroom or peppermint mushroom. It has a very sharp taste, so it is not suitable for food. But it is not poisonous. The grease fitting height is 2-5 cm. The color of the round-convex hat is copper-red, rusty. The hat is velvety to the touch. Sulfur yellow flesh, blushing at the cut. The smell is barely perceptible. Leg length - 4-8 cm, usually curved.
Where and when does it grow? Grows in deciduous and dry coniferous forests. The fruiting period is June-end of autumn.
Who can be confused with? It can be confused with representatives of the Maslyat clan. Pepper oiler differs from edible oils by its sharp taste and red color of the tubular layer. There is no ring on the leg of the pepper oiler.
Fiberglass
Description. A fiberglass hat with a diameter of 1-3.5 cm. In young mushrooms, the hat is bell-shaped, with time it opens and becomes flat with a pointed tubercle in the center. Brown color. The pulp is whitish, not changing color on the cut. It has an unpleasant odor. Clay brown discs. Leg 2-4 cm long, thin - up to 0.5 cm thick.
Where and when does it grow? A rare mushroom in Russia grows in Eastern Siberia, in the Primorsky Territory. Prefers coniferous forests and swamps of the subarctic zone. Often grows among moss.
Who can be confused with? The fiberglass can be confused with a gray row. They are similar with conical hats with radial cracks. Also, fiberglass is similar to honey agarics, but unlike honey agarics it does not have a ring.
Hymnopylus prominent
Description. An orange-ocher plate hat 6-10 cm in diameter. The hat is ring-shaped, convex. The plates are yellow, then brown. Leg 1 cm thick and 3-4 m long. On the leg there is a filmy-webbed ring. It smells of bitter almonds. It has a bitter taste. The elastic yellow flesh immediately darkens on the cut.
Where and when does it grow? It grows on live alder, less often on stumps and felled forests of other hardwoods. Appears in late June and grows until early October.
Who can be confused with? Similar to other types of hymnopilus.
Poisonous talkers
Description. Among the many talkers are edible, inedible and poisonous. The reddish talker is a poisonous agaric with a hat of a cream or reddish-red color. The diameter of the hat is 2-5 cm, the height of the legs is 2-4 cm.
Where and when does it grow? It grows in forests, parks, gardens, in ditches. Growth time - from late summer to autumn.
Who can be confused with? It is easy to confuse with other talkers - gray, orange, goblet.
Gall mushroom
Description. His name is also mustard or false boletus. The leg reaches 9 cm in height and its thickness is no more than 2 cm. The hat is 5-12 cm in diameter, looks like a pillow, its color is chestnut-brown or light brown. The edges of the mushroom are pale. The color of the legs is the same as the hat.
Where and when does it grow? Prefers to grow in oak trees and coniferous forests.
Who can be confused with? In appearance, it is similar to a cep. You can distinguish bile mushroom from boletus according to the bitter taste and the flesh that turns pink on the cut.
False value
Description. Ball-shaped hat of a convex shape. The edges are bent inward around the leg. The color of the hat is yellowish brown. The plates change color from white to dark brown. The leg reaches a height of 12 cm.
Where and when does it grow? They grow in deciduous and coniferous forests of Primorye. Meet, both singly and in groups. Fruiting begins in the summer and lasts until the end of November.
Who can be confused with? It can be confused with an edible shaft. The easiest way to recognize false valuy is by a specific smell, for which it is called "horseradish mushroom."
The video shows the most popular mushrooms of the Primorsky Territory - just look at the mushrooms that we have already talked about:
Primorsky Krai, especially its southern part, is characterized by an abundance and variety of mushrooms. Along with edible species, hundreds of inedible varieties grow in Primorye - familiarize yourself with their signs before going to the forest. Studying the appearance of mushrooms will help you avoid mistakes and maintain health.
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