Usually, dill grows independently and randomly on the site, but there are certain types of this crop that gardeners grow on beds especially because of the splendor of the crop and the long preservation of the marketable appearance of greenery. These special varieties include dill Kustisty.
Bushy dill
Bushy dill has soft and juicy greens
Bushy dill is resistant to disease
Description of the culture, advantages and disadvantages
A bushy variety of dill gives abundant greens, growing in height by 150-170 cm. Each rosette of the plant has 10-12 greasy leaves. Branches reach 35-40 cm, gathering in a compact bush.
Dill foliage is large, dark green, with a slightly noticeable waxy shade. Bushy dill contains many essential oils, so it exudes a tart spicy aroma. Shares are flat and medium dissected. Greens from the whole bush grows juicy and soft.
The variety is grown to collect greens in large quantities, which is used in spices for preservation and storage. The optimal regions for landing are:
- Siberia;
- Central District;
- Ural;
- Caucasus;
- Crimea;
- Far East.
From the moment of planting to cutting the grass, it takes about 35-40 days. Seed collection begins 45-85 days after sowing. The crop is plentiful - from 1 square. m planted area leaves at least 3 kg of fresh herbs. For the preparation of spices, 16-18 kg are collected from one plant. Greens can be harvested in stages, it is not necessary to cut the entire garden at a time.
Bushy variety belongs to late ripening. He does not tolerate a sharp decrease in temperature, so its differences significantly affect productivity. Another factor that reduces seedlings and mass is the lack of sufficient moisture in the garden.
Grade advantages:
- soft taste;
- a large amount of greenery;
- resistance to diseases - powdery mildew and fungus, which affects many varieties of dill;
- stays fresh for a long time;
- many vitamins and minerals.
The disadvantage of the bushy variety is one - poor frost resistance, which entails a number of consequences:
- late germination in spring, even with early sowing;
- seedlings appear only after the earth has completely warmed up, even with timely planting;
- return frosts can destroy all beds.
Landing
Planting dill varieties Bushy does not differ much from ordinary planting of greens, but still requires sufficient attention from the gardener in connection with some features. To obtain a large green mass, they prepare the soil and planting material, observe the timing of planting and harvesting.
Soil preparation
Bushy variety of dill due to the height of an adult plant is suitable for planting in the open ground. When choosing a place for planting crops, they prefer sunny areas with a smooth relief - this will prevent stagnation of water.
It is not recommended to plant dill after celery, carrots, parsley and fennel in order to avoid the reproduction of similar pests. It is believed that the optimal predecessors of bushy dill are peppers, potatoes, legumes and tomatoes. They are able to neutralize the spread of disease and leave behind the optimal chemical composition of the soil.
For a good harvest in the warm season, the soil under the beds of dill is prepared in the fall. Dill does not like sour soil. If this indicator is high on the site, then you need to deoxidize the soil to a neutral state. For this, wood ash is good - 500 g per 1 sq. Km. m
You can not make wood ash immediately before sowing Bushy dill - a shade of green can become reddish.
For planting crops choose loamy and sandy loam soil. If necessary, the land for future beds is fertilized with a mineral-organic complex per 1 sq. Km. m:
- compost - half a bucket;
- potassium salt - 20 g;
- ammonium nitrate - 25 g;
- superphosphate - 25 g.
If the soil on the site is sparse, it is possible to reapply mineral additives immediately before sowing dill.
Landing time
Given the low frost resistance of Bushy dill, it is sown in early to mid-April. At this time, the air temperature has enough time to warm up so as not to cause inconvenience to the culture. Dill suffers short-term cooling up to 5-6 degrees, but it is better not to take risks and wait for stable warming up to 15-17 degrees.
The optimal planting time for dill varieties Bushy allows you to collect a lush crop of greenery.
Experienced gardeners try to plant bushy dill in the winter to get the first crop earlier for a couple of weeks. It is possible, but given the variety's dislike for frost, care must be taken to protect it.
For planting, it is better to choose the last month of autumn or the beginning of December. If warming occurs after an autumn planting, the seeds will germinate and die in the winter. Therefore, bushy dill is sown when the air temperature is set no higher than 4-5 degrees. After planting, they cover the beds with a layer of peat or spruce branches. After the snow melts in the spring on sunny days, the shelter is removed to warm the soil.
Seed preparation
So that the seeds of Bushy dill sprout faster, they are preliminarily prepared for planting - essential oils are washed out, which act as culture inhibitors. For this, planting material for 2 days is wrapped in wet gauze or rags. The cloth must be constantly moistened.
By the end of the soaking period, the procedure is carried out with water with a weak solution of potassium permanganate. This will allow planting material not only to swell, but also to undergo the prevention of fungal diseases. After 2 days, the seeds are dried in air for half an hour and planted in open ground.
Landing
For a good yield of dill, it is necessary to follow the recommendations of agronomists when planting:
- Every 20-25 cm, grooves form in the prepared soil. Such a high sparsity between the beds is justified by the need for good nutrition and the splendor of an adult.
- The depth of the groove is 2 cmto prevent a strong embedment of planting material in the ground.
- Seeds are laid out at a distance of 4-5 cmsprinkling them with a layer of earth.
- The beds are covered with agrofibre or protective material for the first few days.
For constant replenishment of fresh greenery, multiple planting is carried out with an interval of 12-15 days.
Outdoor crop care
Care for the Bushy variety does not require increased attention of the gardener, but still involves periodic actions to obtain a good crop and protect the greenery.
Loosening and weeding
After the appearance of confident shoots, thinning is carried out in a couple of weeks. It is necessary to leave the most mature seedlings so that there is at least 10-15 cm between them. The rejected bushes can be eaten - they are already juicy and fragrant.
Throughout all stages of the growth of Bushy dill, weed is periodically removed so that it does not interfere with the development of the crop. A thorough weeding between the rows is carried out at least 1 time in 2 weeks.
Watering
Bushy dill is responsive to watering. If the heat is stable, then you will have to pay time to moisten the beds daily. In neutral weather, you can do this once every 2-3 days.
Top dressing
With fertile soil and competent autumn fertilizer, additional dill is not required. All that needs to be done to stimulate tillering and growth of the culture as a whole is to add ammonia fertilizer at the rate of 7-8 g per 1 sq. Km. m a couple of weeks after planting.
Growing dill is not fertilized with liquid manure - such a bait can greatly degrade the aroma and taste of spices.
Disease
Bushy dill is believed to be immune to powdery mildewHowever, in some unfavorable years, this misfortune may affect this variety. When a persistent white coating appears, there is a likelihood of a deterioration in taste and spice up to drying and death of the shoots. To combat this rare, but still possible ailment, proven spraying agents are used:
- weak manganese solution;
- copper oxychloride;
- a mixture of antibiotics in the same proportions: streptomycin, penicillin and terramycin.
With sharp prolonged temperature drops, excessive watering or severe damage to the root on bushy dill can occur fusarium. The disease develops in stages: first, the lower leaves of the bush turn red and yellow, then the upper. When recognizing fusarium wilting, the beds are treated with Topsin or Fundazol in the early stages of the lesion. If dill bushes are subject to severe damage, they are removed from the garden.
Changes in temperature, excessive watering and lack of sufficient lighting can cause rotting of the root neck of the culture. If a disease is suspected, watering bushy dill is reduced to the necessary minimum. The black leg is treated at an early stage by spraying the beds with Fundazole.
Pests
There are some of the most common pests of Bushy dill, which can bring a lot of trouble to the gardener with their appearance.
Invasion aphids beds with dill can touch the site, therefore, to combat the colonies of these insects, greens are sprayed with insecticides, choosing the tested ones: Confidor-Maxi or Admiral.
In the second half of May it activates carrot fly, whose adults can plant greens for a month. Grown in an open, well-ventilated area bushy dill, it rarely affects, but can get from neighboring infected plants. During this period, to scare away and destroy the carrot fly, the bushes are powdered with mustard powder, tobacco dust, ground pepper or sprayed with Cypermetrin, Prestige-KS preparations.
On the perimeter of beds of Bushy dill, you can pull a fine mesh. This will not allow the carrot fly to move from neighboring plants - it is not able to rise above half a meter above the ground.
Harvesting and storage
Bushy dill variety is ready for the first pruning a month after planting. If the planting was carried out with a frequency of 10-15 days, the gardener can count on a constant uninterrupted replenishment of fragrant grass throughout the summer and early fall.
To cut the greens remained fresh and fragrant for 1-2 days on the table, put the bunch in a jar of clean water.
Given the large volume of greens bushy varieties, you need to competently approach the preparation of dill for long-term storage. There are several ways that help preserve the beneficial properties of a culture:
- Storage of fresh dill in the refrigerator. Unwashed dill is sorted and placed in a plastic container. The container is closed and placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator. In this way, you can keep the culture fresh for a week.
- Freezing. Bushy dill is thoroughly washed. Free from yellowed twigs, remove the roots. Greens are collected in a bunch and wrapped in cling film or foil. Put in the freezer. In order to save a large amount of dill in this way, it is necessary to divide the entire volume into bundles and wrap each separately.
This method will help get rid of repeated thawing of the product to separate the desired part for use and guarantees a shelf life of 6 months to a year. - Drying. Washed bushy dill in running water. Place twigs on a baking sheet and keep in the oven at a temperature of 50 degrees. Fully dried dill is laid out in glass jars, tightly lidded. This method allows you to store the product for a year or more with the preservation of aroma.
The cultivation of dill varieties Bushy provides the gardener with stable greens throughout the season. Timely planting, proper preparation of seeds and soil, regular maintenance of the crop guarantee a lush crop of fragrant and juicy dill.